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REGULATORY

BOTANICAL REFERENCES REGULATORY CONSULTING GOVERNMENT LINKS
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Botanical References
This information has been developed by Mr. Harvey Farber, and has generously allowed the
information to be displayed on this site. Includes FEMA/GRAS and FDA Regulatory References,
and "Limitations" of use, if any.

ABIES ALBA – See Fir

ACACIA (GUM ARABIC) – Acacia Spp
182.70 Limitation: Stabilizer

AGAR – AGAR - Gelidium SppStabilizer
184.1115 Limitation: Stabilizer

ALFALFA - Medicago sativa
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS

ALGAE, RED - Porphyra Spp and Rhodymenia palmata (L) Grev.
184.1121
Top

ALGAE, BROWN - Laminaria Spp. and Necreoscystis Spp
184.1120; 184.40 FEMA GRAS

ALLSPICE - Pimenta officinalis
182.20; 182.20 FEMA GRAS

ALMOND, BITTER (Free From Prussic Acid)
Prunus amygdalus Batsch, Prunus armeniaca L.or Prunus Persica (L) Batsch
182.20 FEMA GRAS
Top

ALOE - Aloe Perryi Baker, A. Barbadensis Mill., A. Ferox Mill, and hybrids
of this sp. with A. Africana Mill and A. spicata Baker
172.510 FEMA GRAS

ALTHEA ROOT & FLOWERS - Althea officinalis L.
182.20 FEMA GRAS

AMBERGRIS - Physeter Macrocephalus
182.50 FEMA GRAS

AMBRETTE SEED - Hibiscus abelmoschus L.
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS

AMYRIS (WEST INDIAN SANDALWOOD) - Amyria Balsamifera L.
172.510

ANGELICA - Angelica archangelica L. or other App of Angelica
182.10
Top

ANGELICA ROOT - Angelica archangelica L. or other Spp of Angelica
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS

ANGELICA SEED - Angelica archangelica L. or other Spp of Angelica
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS

ANGELICA STEM - Angelica archangelica L. or other Spp of Angelica
182.20 FEMA GRAS

ANGOLA WEED - Roccella fuciformis Ach.
172.510 Limitation: In Alcoholic beverage only

ANGOSTURA (CUSPARIA BARK) - Galipea officinalis HANCOCK
182.10; 182.20

ANISE - Pimpinella anisum L.
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS
Top

ANISE, STAR - Illicium verum Hook. f
182.10 FEMA GRAS

ANNATTO SEED - Bixa orellana L.
FEMA GRAS ; Colorant

APRICOT KERNEL (PERSIC OIL) - Prunus armeniaca L.
182.40 FEMA GRAS

ARABIC GUM - SEE ACACIA

ARNICA FLOWERS - Arnica montana L. A. fulgens Pursh, A. soria Greene or A cordifolia
Hooker 172.510 Limitation: In Alcoholic Beverages Only

ARTEMSIA (Wormwood) Artemisia Spp
172.510 Limitation: Finished Food Thujone Free
Top

ARTICHOKE LEAVES - Cynara scolymus L.
172.510 Limitation: In Alcoholic Beverages Only

ASAFETIDA - Ferula assa-foeida L. and Related Spp. of ferula
182.20 FEMA GRAS

ASH BARK PRICKLY - Xanthoxylum (or Zan…) Americanum Mill or X clavaherculis L.
182.20

BALM (LEMON BALM) - Melissa officinalis L.
182.20 FEMA GRAS

BALSAM OF PERU - Myroxylon pereirae Klotzsche
182.20 FEMA GRAS
Top

BASIL - Ocimum basilicum L.
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS

BASIL BUSH - Ocimum minimum L.
182.10

BAY LEAVES - Laurus nobilis L.
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS

BAY (MYRCIA OIL) - Pimenla racemosa (Mill)
182.20

BAY LEAVES (West Indian) - Pimenta acris Kostel
FEMA GRAS

BEESWAX, WHITE – Apis mellifera L.
184.1973 FEMA GRAS

BENZOIN RESIN - Styrax Spp
172.510 FEMA GRAS
Top

BERGAMOT (Bergamot Orange) Citrus aurantium L. subsp. (Bergamia Wright et Arn)
182.20 FEMA GRAS

BIRCH SWEET - Betula lenta L.
FEMA GRAS

BLACKBERRY BARK - Rubus, section Eubatus
172.510 FEMA GRAS

BOIS DE ROSE - Aniba rosaeodora Ducke
182.20 FEMA GRAS

BOLDUS LEAVES (Boldo Leaves) Peumus boldus Mol
12.510 Limitation: In Alcoholic Beverages Only

BORONI FLOWERS – Boronia megastigma Nees
12.510 FEMA GRAS
Top

BRYONIA – Bryonia alba L. or B. diocia Jacq
172.510 Limitation: In Alcoholic Beverages Only

BUCHU LEAVES – Barosma betulina Bartl. Et Windl. B. cerenulata (L.) Hook. or B. serratifolia
Wild 172.510 FEMA GRAS

BUCKBEAN LEAVES – Menyanthes trifoliata
172.510 Limitation: In Alcoholic Beverages Only

CACAO - Theobroma cacao L.
182.20 FEMA GRAS

CAJEPUT – Melaleuca leucadendron L. and Other melaleuca Spp.
172.510 FEMA GRAS

CALENDULA - Calendula officinalis L.
182.10 FEMA GRAS

CALUMBA ROOT – Jateorhiza palmata (Lam) Miers
172.510 Limitation: In Alcoholic Beverages Only
Top

CAMOMILE FLOWERS (Chamomile), German or Hungarian - Matricaria chamomilla L.
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS

CAMOMILE FLOWERS (Chamomile), Roman or English - Anthemis nobilis L.
182.10; 182.20

CAMPHOR TREE – Cinnamomum camphora (L) Nees et Eberm
FEMA GRAS Limitation: Safrole Free

CANANGA - Cananga odorata Hook F and Thoms
182.20 FEMA GRAS

CAPERS - Capparis spinosa L.
182.10

CAPSICUM - Capsicum frutescens L. and C. annuum L.
182.10; 182.20 FEMS GRAS
Top

CARAWAY - Carum carvi L.
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS

CARAWAY, BLACK (Black Cumin) - Nigella sativa L.
182.10 FEMA GRAS

CARDAMOM SEED (Cardamon) - Elettaria cardamomum Maton
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS

CARMINE - Coccus cacti L.
FEMA GRAS Limitation: Colorant

CAROB BEAN - Ceratonia siliqua
182.20 FEMA GRAS

CARROT SEED - Daucus carota L.
182.20 FEMA GRAS
Top

CASCARA SAGRADA - Rhamnos purshiana DC
172.510 FEMA GRAS

CASCARILLA BARK - Croton eleuteria Benn
182.20 FEMA GRAS

CASSIA BARK (Chinese) - Cinnamomum Cassia Blume
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS

CASSIA BARK (Padang or Batavia) - Cinnamomum Burmanni Blume
182.10; 182.20

CASSIA BARK (Saigon)
Cinnamomum loureirii Nees
182.10; 182.20

CASSIE - Acacia farnesiana (L) Willd
172.510 FEMA GRAS
Top

CASTOREUM - Castor fiber L. and C. canadensis Kuhl
182.50 FEMA GRAS

CASTOR OIL - Ricinus communis L.
172.510 FEMA GRAS

CATECHU, BLACK – Acacia catechu Wild
172.510 FEMA GRAS

CAYENNE PEPPER – Capsicum frutescens L. or C. annum L.
182.10 FEMA GRAS

CEDAR, WHITE (Aborvitae) Leaves & Twigs - Thuja occidentalis
172.510 FEMA GRAS

CELERY SEED - Apium graveolens L.
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS
Top

CENTUARY - Centaurium umbellatum Gilib.
172.510 Limitation: In Alcoholic Beverages Only

CHERRY, BARK WILD – Prunus Serotina Ehrh
182.20    FEMA GRAS

CHERRY PITS – Prunus avium L
172.510 FEMA GRAS     Limitation: Not to exceed 25 ppm Prussic Acid

CHERRY-LAUREL LEAVES
Prunus laurocerasus L.
172.510     Limitation: Not to exceed 25 ppm Prussic Acid

CHERVIL – Anthriscus Cerefolium (L) Hoffm.
182.10; 182.20 FEMS GRAS

CHESTNUT LEAVES – Castania dentata (Marsh) Borkh.
172.510
Top

CHICKORY – Cichorium intybus L.
182.20 FEMA GRAS

CHIRATA - Swertia Chirata Buch-Ham
172.515 Limitation: In Alcoholic Beverages Only

CHIVES - Allium schoenoprasum L.
182.10

CINCHONA, RED BARK - Cinchona succrubra Pav. Or its Hybrids
172.510 FEMA GRAS
Limitation: Beverage only; Not more Than 83 ppm total Cinchona Alkaloids in Finished Bev.

CINCHONA, YELLOW BARK –Cinchona ledgenana Moens C. calisaya Wedd.
or Hybrids of these with Other Spp. of cinchona
172.510 FEMA GRAS
Limitation: Beverage only; Not more Than 83 ppm total Cinchona Alkaloids in Finished Bev.
Top

CINNAMON BARK, CEYLON - Cinnamomum zeylanicum
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS

CINNAMON BARK, CHINESE - Cinnamomum cassia Blume
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS

CINNAMON BARK, SAIGON - Cinnamomum loureirii Nees
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS

CINNAMON LEAF, CEYLON - Cinnamomum zeylanicum
182.20 FEMA GRAS

CINNAMON LEAF, CHINESE- Cinnamomum cassia Blume
182.20 FEMA GRAS

CINNAMON LEAF, SAIGON- Cinnamomum loureirii Nees
182.20 FEMA GRAS

CITRONELLA – Cymbopogon nardus Rendle
182.20 FEMA GRAS
Top

CITRUS PEELS – Citrus Spp.
182.20 FEMA GRAS

CIVET – Civet Cats – Viverra civetta Schreber And V. zibetha Schreba
182.50 FEMA GRAS

CLARY SAGE – Salvia sclarea L.
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS

CLOVE BUD – Eugenia caryophyllata
184.1257

CLOVE LEAVES - Eugenia caryophyllata
184.1257

CLOVE STEMS - Eugenia caryophyllata
184.1257
Top

CLOVER - Trifolium Spp.
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS

COCA LEAF (Decocainized) - Erythroxylum coca Lam & other Spp. of Erythroxylum
182.20 FEMA GRAS Limitation: Decocainized

COCHINEAL - Coccus cacti L.
FEMA GRAS Limitation: Coloring Agent

COFFEE - Coffea Spp.
182.20

COGNAC OIL (White & Green) - Ethyl Oenanthate from Wine Lees
182.50 FEMA GRAS

COPAIBA - South American Spp. of Copaifera L.
172.510

CORIANDER – Coriandrum sativum L.
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS
Top

CORK, OAK - Quercus suber L. Q. accidentalis F Gay
172.510 Limitation In Alcoholic Beverages Only

CORNMINT OIL – Mentha arvensis
Prior Sanction Letter

CORN SILK - Zea mays
184.1262
Limitation: 4 ppm in Alcoholic Beverages. See Regulations for all other foods

COSTMARY - Chrysanthemum balsamite L.
172.510 Limitation: In Alcoholic Beverages Only

COSTUS – Saussurea lappa Clarke
172.510 FEMA GRAS

CUBEB - Piper cubeba L.F.
172.510 FEMA GRAS
Top

CUMIN - Cuminum cyminum L
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS

CUMIN, BLACK - See BLACK CARAWAY

CURACAO ORANGE PEEL (BITTER ORANGE) - Citrus aurantium L.
182.20 FEMA GRAS

CURRANT BLACK, Buds & Leaves - Ribes nigrum L.
172.510 FEMA GRAS

CUSPARIA BARK - See ANGOSTURA

DAMIANA LEAVES - Turnera diffusa Willd
172.510

DANDELION - Taraxacum officinale Weber & T. Laevigatum D.C.
182.20 FEMA GRAS
Top

DANDELION ROOT – Taraxacum officinale Weber & T. Laevigatum D.C.
182.20 FEMA GRAS

DAVANA - Artemisia pallens Wall
172.510 FEMA GRAS

DILL, INDIAN – Anethum Sowa Roxb. & Peucedanum Graveolens Benth et Hook
172.510; 184.1282

DILL, American or European – Anethum Graveolens L.
184.1282 FEMA GRAS

DITTANY (FRAXINELLA) ROOTS – Dictamnus alba L.
172.510 Limitation In Alcoholic Beverages Only

DITTANY OF CRETE - Origanum dictamnus L.
172.510 FEMA GRAS
Top

DOG GRASS (Quack Grass Triticum) - Agropyron repens (L) Beauv.
182.20 FEMA GRAS

DRAGON’S BLOOD (DRACORUBIN) - Daemonorops Spp.
172.510 FEMA GRAS

DULSE - Rhodymenia pelmata (L) Grev.
FEMA GRAS

ELDER FLOWERS - Sambucus canadensis L or S. Nigra L.
172.510; 182.20 FEMA GRAS

ELDER TREE LEAVES – Sambucus nigra
172.510
Limitation In Alcoholic Beverages only. Not to exceed 25 ppm prussic acid in flavor.

ELECAMPANA RHIZOME & ROOTS – Inula helenium L.
172.510 Limitation: In Alcoholic Beverages only.
Top

ELEMI – Canarium Commune L or C. luzonicum Miq
172.515 FEMA GRAS

ERIGERON - Erigeron canadensis L.
172.515

ESTER GUM – Glycerol Ester of Wood Rosin
172.735 Limitation Weighting Agent. Maximum 100 ppm in finished beverage

ESTRAGON - (Tarragon, Estragole) - Artemisia dracunculus L
182.20 FEMA GRAS

EUCALYPTUS - (Globulus Leaves) - Eucalyptus glocus Labill
172.510 FEMA GRAS

FENNEL COMMON – Foeniculum vulgare Mill.
182.10 FEMA GRAS

FENNEL SWEET – Foeniculum vulgare Mill.
182.20 FEMA GRASS
Top

FENNEL SWEET (finocchio, florence fennel) - Foeniculum vulgare Mill. var. duice (DC) Alex
182.20 FEMA GRAS

FENUGREEK - Trigonella foenum graecum L.
182.20 FEMA GRAS

FIR (PINE) NEEDLES & TWIGS
Abies sibirica Ledeb. A. alba Mill A. sachalinesis Masters or A moynana miyabe et Kudo
172.510

FIR BALSAM Needles & Twigs – Abies Balsamea (L) Mill
172.510

GALANGA, GREATER– Alpinia galanga Willd
172.510 Limitation: In Alcoholic Beverages only.

GALANGA (GALANGAL) Alpinia officinarum Hance
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS
Top

GALBANUM - Ferula Galbaniflua Boiss at Buhse & other Ferula species
172.510 FEMA GRAS

GAMBIR (Catechu Pale - Uncaria gambir Roxb.
172.510

GARLIC – Allium sativim L
184.1317 FEMA GRAS

GENET FLOWERS – Spartium junceum L.
172.510 FEMA GRAS

GENTIAN RHIZOME & ROOTS – Gentiana lutea L
172.510 FEMA GRAS

GENTIAN, STEMLESS – Gentiana acaulis L.
172.510 Limitation: In Alcoholic Beverages only.
Top

GERANIUM - Pelargonium Spp
182.10; 182.20

GERANIUM, EAST INDIAN – Cymbopogon martini Stapf
182.20

GERANIUM, ROSE – Pelargonium graveolens L’Her
182.10 FEMA GRAS

GERMANDER, CHAMAEDRYS – Teucrium chamaedrys L.
172.510 Limitation In Alcoholic Beverages only.

GERMANDER, GOLDEN – Teucrium polium L. Wall
172.510 Limitation In Alcoholic Beverages only.

GHATTI GUM – Anogeissus latifolia
184.1333 FEMA GRAS Limitation: Stabilizer

GINGER - Zingiber officinale Rosc.
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS
Top

GLYCYRRHIZIN, AMMONIATED – See LICORICE

GRAINS OF PARADISE - Amonum melegueta (Rosc)K. Schum)
182.10 FEMA GRAS

GRAPEFRUIT - Citrus paradisi Macf.
182.10 FEMA GRAS

GUAIAC - Guaiacum officinale L G. santum L. Bulnesia sarmienti Lor.
172.510 FEMA GRAS

GUARANA - Paulinia cupana HBK
172.510 FEMA

GUAVA - Psidium Spp
182.20

GUAR GUM - Cyamopsis tetragonolobus (L.)
184.1339 FEMA GRAS Limitation Stabilizer
Top

HAW BARK BLACK – Viburnum prunifolium L.
172.510 FEMA GRAS

HEMLOCK, Needles Twigs - Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr or T. heterophylla (RAF) Sarg.
172.510

HICKORY BARK – Caya Spp
182.20 FEMA GRAS

HOPS – Humulus lupulus L.
182.20 FEMA GRAS

HOREHOUND - Marrubium vulgare L
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS

HORSEMINT - Monarda Spp
182.20 FEMA GRAS
Top

HORSERADISH – Armoracia lapathifolia Gilib
182.10

HYACINTH FLOWERS – Hyacinthus orientalis L
172.510

HYSSOP – Hyssopus officinalis
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS

ICELAND MOSS – Centraria islandica Ach.
172.510 Limitation: In Alcoholic Beverages only.

IMMORTELLS - Helichrysum angustifolium
182.20 FEMA GRAS

IMPERATORIA – Peucedanum ostruthium (L) Imperatoria ostruthium L
172.510
Top

IVA - Achillea moschata Jacq.
172.510 Limitation: In Alcoholic Beverages only.

JASMINE - Jasminum officinale L and other species of Jasminum
182.20 FEMA GRAS

JAMBU - Spilanthes Acmelia (Oleracea)
FEMA GRAS Limitation: Oleoresin only

JUNIPER (BERRIES) - Juniperus communis L
182.20

KARAYA GUM – Sterculia urens Roxb.
184.1349 FEMA GRAS Limitation: Max. use 0.002% in alcohlic beverages

KELP (ALGAE) – Laminaria & Kereocystis Spp
184.40 FEMA GRAS

KOLA NUT – Cola acuminata Schott & Endl. and Other cola species
182.20 FEMA GRAS
Top

LABDANUM - Cistus Spp
172.510 FEMA GRAS

LAUREL BERRIES – Laurus Nobilis L.
182.20 FEMA GRAS

LAUREL LEAVES - Laurus Spp
182.20 FEMA GRAS

LAVANDIN – Hybrid of Lavandula officinalic Chaix & L. latifolinVill
182.20 FEMA GRAS

LAVENDER – Lavandula officinalis Chaix
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS

LAVENDER SPIKE – Lavandula latifolia Vill
182.20 FEMA GRAS
Top

LEMON BALM – See BALM

LEMON GRASS – Cymbopogan citratus DC & C. lexuosus Stapf
182.20 FEMA GRAS

LEMON PEEL – Citrus limon (L) Burm F
182.20

LEMON – VERBENA – Lippia citriodora HBK
172.510 Limitation: In Alcoholic Beverages only.

LICORICE – Glycyrrhiza glabra L.
184.1408 Limitation: Maximum use 0.1% in Alcoholic Beverages.

LIME – Citrus aurantifolia Swingle
182.20

LINALOE – WOOD – Bursera delpechiana Poiss and other Bursera Spp
172.510
Top

LINDEN FLOWERS – Tillia Spp
182.10 FEMA GRAS

LINDEN LEAVES – Tillia Spp
172.510 FEMA GRAS Limitation: In Alcoholic Beverages only.

LOCUST BEAN – Ceratonia silique L.
182.20

LOCUST BEAN GUM – Ceratonia siliqua L.
184.1343 Limitation: Maximum use 0.5% in Alcoholic Beverages.

LOVAGE - Levisticum officinale Koch.
172.510

LUNGMOSS (LUNGWORT) – Sticta pulmonacea Ach.
172.510

LUPULIN – Humulus lupulus L. 0
182.20
Top

MACE – Myristica fragrans Houtt
182.20 FEMA GRAS

MAIDENHAIR FERN – Adiantum capillus-veneris L
172.510 Limitation: In Alcoholic Beverages only.

MALT – Hordeum vulgare L or other grains
184.1445

MANDARIN – Citrus reticulata Blanco
182.20

MARIGOLD POT – Calendula officinalis
182.20

MARJORAM POT – Marjorana onites (L.) Benth.
182.10 FEMA GRAS
Top

MARJORAM SWEET – Marjorana hortensis Moench.
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS

MAPLE, MOUNTAIN – Acer spicatum Lam.
172.510

MASSOIA BARK – Cryptocaryo massoio
FEMA GRAS

MATE – Ilex paraguariensis St. Hill
182.20

MENTHOL – Mentha Spp
182.20 FEMA GRAS

MENTHYL ACETATE – Mentha Spp.
182.20 FEMA GRAS

MIMOSA (BLACK WATTLE) FLOWERS - Acacia decurrens Willd var. Dealbata.
172.510 FEMA GRAS
Top

MOLASSES (EXTRACT) Saccarum officinarum L.
182.20

MULLEIN FLOWERS – Verbascum phlomoides L or V. thapsiforme Schrad.
172.510 Limitation: In Alcoholic Beverages only.

MUSK (TONQUIN MUSK) – Musk Deer, Moschus moschiferus l.
182.50

MUSTARD (BLACK or BROWN) – Brassica nigra
182.20; 182.20

MUSTARD, BROWN - Brassica juncea (L.) Coss.
182.10; 182.20

MUSTARD, WHITE or YELLOW - Brassica hirta Moench.
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS
Top

MYRRH – Commiphora molmol Engl. C. abyssinica (Berg.) Engl. Other Commiphora
172.50 FEMA GRAS

MYRTLE LEAVES – Myrtus communis L.
172.510 Limitation: In Alcoholic Beverages only.

NARINGIN – Citrus paradisi Macf
182.20 FEMA GRAS

NEROLI, BIGARADE – Citrus aurantium L.
182.20 FEMA GRAS

NUTMEG – Myristica fragrans Houtt
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS

OAK, ENGLISH WOOD – Quercus robur L.
172.510 FEMA GRAS Limitation: In Alcoholic Beverages only.

OAK, WHITE CHIPS – Quercus alba L.
172.510 FEMA GRAS
Top

OAK, CORK - See CORK, OAK

OAK MOSS – Evernia prunastri (L.) Ach. E. Furfuracea (L) Mann & other Lichens
172.510 FEMA GRAS

OLIBANUM – Boswellia carteri Birdw and other Boswellia spp
172.510 FEMA GRAS

ONION – Allium cepa L.
182.20 FEMA GRAS

OPOPONAX (BISABOLMYRRH) - Opopanax chironium, Koch
(True Opoponax) of Commiphora arythraea Engl. var. Llabrescens
172.510

ORANGE BITTER, FLOWERS – Citrus aurantium L.
182.20 FEMA GRAS
Top

ORANGE BITTER, PEEL – Citrus aurantium L. also see CURACAO ORANGE
182.20 FEMA GRAS

ORANGE LEAF – Citrus sinensis
182.20 FEMA GRAS

ORANGE, SWEET – Citrus sinensis
182.20 FEMA GRAS

ORANGE, SWEET FLOWERS – Citrus sinensis
182.20 FEMA GRAS

ORANGE, SWEET PEEL – Citrus sinensis
182.20 FEMA GRAS

OREGANO (OREGANUM, MEXICAN OREGANO, AMERICAN SAGE. ORIGAN)
– Lippia Spp. 182.10 FEMA GRAS

OREGANUM – Origanum Spp.
182.20 FEMA GRASS
Top

ORRIS ROOT – Iris germanica L (including its variety Florentina Dykes) and L. pellida Lam.
172.510 FEMA GRAS

OSMANTHUS ABS. – Osmanthus fragrans
FEMA GRAS

PALMAROSA – Cymbopogon martini Stapf
182.20

PANSY – Viola tricolor L.
172.510 Limitation: In Alcoholic Beverages only.

PAPRIKA – Capsicum annum L
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS

PARSLEY – Petroselinum crispum (Mill) Mansf.
182.10; 182.20

PASSION FLOWER – Passiflora incarnata L.
172.510
Top

PATCHOULY – Pogostemon cablin Benth and P. heyneanus benth
172.510 FEMA GRAS

PEACH KERNEL – Prunus persica
182.40

PEACH LEAVES – Prunus persica (L.) Batsch
172.510 Limitation: In Alcoholic Bev. only. Maximum 25 ppm Prussic Acid in Flavor

PEANUT STEARINE – Arachis hypogaea l.
182.40

PENNYROYAL AMERICAN – Hedeoma pulegioides (L) Pers
172.510

PENNYROYAL, EUROPEAN – Mentha pulegium L.
12.510 FEMA GRAS
Top

PEPPER, BLACK – Piper nigrum
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS

PEPPER, WHITE – Piper nigrum
182.20 FEMA GRAS

PEPPER, CAYENNE – Capsicum frutescens L or C. annuum L
182.10 FEMA GRAS

PEPPER, RED – Capsicum frutescens L or C. annuum L
182.10 FEMA GRAS

PEPPERMINT – Mentha piperita L
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS

PERUVIAN BALSAM – See BALSAM OF PERU

PETITGRAIN – Citrus aurantium L.
182.20 FEMA GRAS
Top

PETITGRAIN LEMON – Citrus limon (L.) Burm.f
182.20 FEMA GRAS

PETITGRAIN MANDARIN or TANGERINE - Citrus reticulata Blanco
182.20 FEMA GRAS

PIMENTA – Pimenta officinalis Lindl
182.20

PIMENTA LEAF – Pimenta officinalis Lindl
182.20

PINE, DWARF, NEEDLES & TWIGS – Pinus mugo Turra var pumilio (Haenke) Zenari
172.510

PINE, SCOTCH, NEEDLES & TWIGS – Pinus sylvestris L.
172.510 FEMA GRAS
Top

PINE, WHITE BARK – Pinus strobus L
172.510 Limitation: In Alcoholic Beverages only.

PINE, WHITE OIL – Pinus palustris Mill and other Pinus Spp
172.510 FEMA GRAS

PIPSISSEWA LEAVES – Chimaphila umbellata Nutt.
182.20 FEMA GRAS

POMEGRANATE – Punica granatum L
182.20 FEMA GRAS

POPLAR BUDS – Populus balsamifera L. (P. tacamahacca Mill) P. candicans Ait, or P. nigra L.
172.510 Limitation: In Alcoholic Beverages only.

POPPY SEED – Papayer somniferum L.
182.10
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PRICKLY, ASH BARK – See ASH BARK

POT, MARIGOLD – See MARIGOLD POT

POT, MARJORAM – See MARJORAM POT

QUASSIA – Picrasma excelsa (Sw.) Planch. or Quassia amara L.
172.510 FEMA GRAS

QUEBRACHO BARK – Aspidosperma quebracho-Blanco Schlecht. or Quebrachia lorentzii
(Griseb) 172.510 FEMA GRAS Limitation: Schinopsis lorentzii (Griseb) Engl.

QUILAIA (SOAP BARK) – Quillaja saponaria Mol
172.510

QUINCE SEED – Cydonia oblonga Miller
182.40 FEMA GRAS
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RED SAUNDERS (RED SANDALWOOD) - Pterocarpus santalinus L.
172.510 Limitation: In Alcoholic Beverages only.

RHATANY ROOT – Krameria triandra Ruiz et Pav. or K. argentia Mart.
172.510 FEMA GRAS

RHUBARB, GARDEN ROOT – Rheum rhaponticum L.
172.510 FEMA GRAS Limitation: In Alcoholic Beverages only.

RHUBARB ROOT – Rheum officinale Baill,., R. palmatum L.,
or other Spp. (excepting R. rhaponticum L.) Or Hybrids of Rheum grown in China
172.510

ROSE ABSOLUTE – Rosa alba L., R. centrifolia L. R. damascena Mill., R. galica L.
and vars. Spp.
182.20
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ROSE (OTTO OF ROSES, ATTAR OF ROSES)
Rosa alba L., R. centrifolia L. R. damascena Mill., R. galica L., & vars. of these Spp.
182.10

ROSE BUDS – Rosa alba L., R. centrifolia L. R. damascena Mill., R. galica L., and vars. of
these Spp.
182.20

ROSE FLOWERS – Rosa alba L., R. centrifolia L. R. damascena Mill., R. galica L., and vars.
of these Spp.
182.20

ROSE FRUIT (HIPS) – Rosa alba L., R. centrifolia L. R. damascena Mill., R. galica L., & vars.
of these Spp.
182.20

ROSE GERANIUM – Pelargonium graveolens L’Her
182.20

ROSE LEAVES – Rosa Spp.
182.20
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ROSELLE – Hibiscus sabdariffa L.
172.510 Limitation: In Alcoholic Beverages only.

ROSEMARY – Rosemarinus officinalis
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS

ROSIN (COLOPHONY) Pinus palustris Mill and Other Pinus Spp.
172.510 Limitation: In Alcoholic Beverages only.

RUE OIL – Ruta Graveolens L.
184.1698 Limitation: Maximum 4 ppm in Alcoholic Beverages.

SAFFRON – Crocus sativus L.
182.20 FEMA GRAS

SAGE – Salvia officianlis
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS
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SAGE, GREEK – Salvia triloba
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS

SAGE, SPANISH – Salvia lavandulaefolia Vahl
182.20 FEMA GRAS

ST. JOHNSWORT LEAVES, FLOWERS & CAULIS - Hypericum perforatum L.
172.510
Limitation: Hypericin free alcoholic distillate form in Alcoholic Beverages only.

ST. JOHN’SBREAD – Ceratonia siliqua L.
182.20 FEMA GRAS

SANDALWOOD RED – See RED SAUNDERS

SANDALWOOD, WHITE (YELLOW OR E. INDIAN) - Santalum album L.
172.510 FEMA GRAS
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SANDARAC – Tetraclinis articulata (Vahl) Mast
172.510 Limitation: In Alcoholic Beverages only.

SARSAPARILLA – Smilax aristolochiaefolia Mill (Mexican Sarsaparilla), S. regelii Killip
et Morton (Honduras Sarsaparilla) S. febrifuga Kunth (Equadorian Sarsaparille) or
undetermined Smilax Spp.
172.510 FEMA GRAS

SASSAFRAS LEAVES – Sassafras albidum (Nutt) Nees
Limitation: Safrole free.

SAVORY, SUMMER – Satureia hortensis L. (Satureja)
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS

SAVORY, WINTER – Satureia montana L (Satureja)
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS
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SCHINUS MOLLE – Schinus Molle L
182.20 FEMA GRAS

SENNA, ALEXANDRIA – Cassia acutifolia Delile
172.510

SERPENTARIA (VIRGINIA SNAKEROOT) - Aristolochia serpentaria L.
172.510 Limitation: In Alcoholic Beverages only.

SESAME – Sesamum indicum L
182.10

SIMARUBA BARK – Simaruba amara Aubl.
172.510 Limitation: In Alcoholic Beverages only.

SLOE BERRIES (BLACKTHORN BERRIES) - Prunus spinosa L.
182.20 FEMA GRAS
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SNAKEROOT, CANADIAN (WILD GINGER) - Asarum canadense L.
172.510 FEMA GRAS

SPEARMINT - Mentha Spicata L
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS

SPIKE, LAVENDER – See LAVENDER SPIKE

SPRUCE, NEEDLES & TWIGS – Picea glauca (Moench) Voss or P. mariana (Mill) BSP
172.510 FEMA GRAS

STORAX (STYRAX) Liquidambar orietalis Mill or L. styraciflua L.
172.510 FEMA GRAS

TAGETES (MARIGOLD) – Tagetes patula L., T. erete L. T. minuta L., (T. glandulifera Schrank)
172.510 FEMA GRAS Limitation: As Oil only.
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TAMARIND - Tamarindus indica L.
182.20

TANGERINE – Citrus reticulata Blanco
182.20 FEMA GRAS

TANNIC ACID – Quercus Spp
FEMA GRAS Limitation: 0.015% in Alcoholic Beverages.

TANSY – Tanacetum vulgare L.
172.510 – Limitation: Finished product Thujone free. In Alcoholic Beverages only.

TARRAGON – Artemisia dracunculus L
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS
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TEA - Thea sinensis L.
182.20

TEA TREE – See CAJEPUT

THISTLE BLESSED (HOLY THISTLE) - Onicus benedictus L.
172.510 Limitation: In Alcoholic Beverages only.

THYME – Thymus vulgaris L & T. Zygis Var. gracillis Boiss
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS

THYME, WHITE – Thymus vulgaris L & T. Zygis Var. gracilis Boiss
182.20 FEMA GRAS

THYME, WILD or CREEPING – Thymus serpyllum L
182.10; 182.20

THYMUS CAPITATUS (SPANISH ORIGANUM) - Thymus capitatus Hoffmg et Link
12.510 FEMA GRAS
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TOLU – Myroxylon balsamum (L) Harms
172.510 FEMA GRAS

TRAGACANTH, GUM – Astragulus Spp
184.1351 FEMA GRAS Limitation: Stabilizer

TUBEROSE - Polianthes tuberosa L
182.20 FEMA GRAS

TURMERIC – Curcuma longa L.
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS

TURPENTINE - Pinus palustris Mill & other Pinus Spp. which yield turpene oils exclusively
172.510 FEMA GRAS

VARERIAN, RHIZONE & ROOTS – Vareriana officinalis L.
172.510 FEMA GRAS
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VANILLA – Vanilla plantifolia Andr. Or V. tahitensis, J. W. Moore
182.10; 182.20 FEMA GRAS

VERBENA - See LEMON VERBENA

VERONICA – Veronica officinalis L.
172.510 Limitation: In Alcoholic Beverages only.

VERVAIN, EUROPEAN – Verbena officinalis L.
172.510 Limitation: In Alcoholic Beverages only.

VETIVER – Vetiveria zizanioides Stapf
172.510 Limitation: In Alcoholic Beverages only.

VIOLET FLOWERS – Viola odorata L.
182.20 FEMA GRAS
Top

VIOLET LEAVES – Viola odorata L.
182.20 FEMA GRAS

VIOLET LEAVES ABSOLUTE – Viola odorata L.
182.20 FEMA GRAS

VIOLET SWISS – Viola calcarata L
172.510

WALNET HUSKS (HULLS) Leaves & Green Nuts – Juglans nigra L. or J. regia L.
172.510 FEMA GRAS

WINTERGREEN – Gaultheria procumbens L
FEMA GRAS

WOODRUFF, SWEET – Asperula odorata L.
172.510 Limitation: In Alcoholic Beverages only.

WORMWOOD - See ARTEMISIA
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YARROW – Achillea millefolium L.
172.510 FEMA GRAS Limitation: Finished product Thujone free. In Beverages only.

YERBA SANTA – Eriodictyon californicum (Hook, et Arn.) Torr
172.510 FEMA GRAS

YLANG YLANG – Cananga odorata Hook, f and Thoms
182.20 FEMA GRAS

YUCCA, JOSHUA-TREE – Yucca brevifolia Engelm
172.510 FEMA GRAS

YUCCA MOHAVE – Yucca schidigera Roezi ex. Ortgies (Y. Mohavensis Sarg)
172.510 FEMA GRAS

ZEDOARY BARK - Curcuma zedoaria Rosc.
182.10 FEMA GRAS

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GOVERNMENT LINKS

FDA
Complete Title 21 regulations. Flavor Labeling, Color Additives, Flavor Ingredients,

USDA
Nutrient database for Standard reference. Download nutrient database.

Food and Nutrition
Food and Nutrition Information Center. HAACP Training Programs.

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REGULATORY CONSULTING

Novigen Sciences, Inc. is a Washington, D.C. based regulatory consulting firm that provides
technicalsupport in Risk Assessments, Biotechnology Issues Management, GRAS Affirmations,
Food Additives, Nutraceuticals, Dietary Supplement Regulatory Support, Proposition 65, Codex,
Pesticide Issues, and International Regulatory Support.

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For more information visit our WebSite at www.novigen.com

NOVIGEN SCIENCES, INC. is a Washington, D.C. based regulatory consulting firm that provides
technical support to chemical and food companies, their customers and raw material suppliers, trade
associations, law firms, and Federal Agencies. Novigen is led by Barbara Petersen, Ph.D., a
recognized expert in exposure modeling and risk assessments.

NOVIGEN is well recognized for successfully managing non-routine, complex, crisis, and high visibility
projects associated with regulatory issues. Novigen also provides temporary technical support in a broad
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turnaround questions on technical or regulatory issues

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